1933

1933 was a momentous year in architectural history, marked by the closure of the Bauhaus school under Nazi pressure and the subsequent diaspora of its faculty — including Mies van der Rohe, Walter Gropius, and László Moholy-Nagy — who carried the Bauhaus legacy to new institutions in Britain, the United States, and beyond, permanently transforming global design education. That same year, the fourth CIAM congress aboard the SS Patris II produced the Athens Charter, a foundational document of Modernist urban planning that would shape the doctrine of zoned, functionalist cities for decades. Buildings completed in 1933 reflect the height of interwar Modernism, Art Deco grandeur, and the early works of architects who would define the second half of the 20th century, making it a richly significant date in architectural history.